Xivongo · Xitsonga
Nxumalo (Vangoni / Machangana)
Also spelled Nxumalo, Vangoni, Machangana, AmaShangana, Ba-Ngoni.
- PeopleVatsonga
- Grouping The Gaza-Nguni layer: descendants of Soshangane's Ndwandwe following and those who joined them; AmaShangana cluster with Ndwandwe, Hlatshwayo, Nxumalo and Mkhatshwa (Wikipedia, uncited)
- Surnames recorded Nxumalo, Ndwandwe, Hlatshwayo, Mkhatshwa
- Places recorded Mhala, Bushbuckridge, Thulamahashe, Buyisonto, Mpumalanga, Magona, Malamulele, Pilgrim's Rest, Sabie, Malungana
Your Family's Praise Belongs Here
This clan has a praise. It is not on this page yet, and that is our doing, not anything about your family or the praise itself. If the people at home still say it, you can put the true one here.
Why It Is Not Here Yet
Everything else on this page is unaffected. The clan name, the Xitsonga terms, the totem, the grouping, the surnames and the places recorded are facts, and facts carry no copyright no matter which book they were read in. What is absent is one author's particular wording, which is the part copyright does protect.
S.J. Malungana, Vuphato: Praise Poetry in Xitsonga (D.Litt. et Phil. thesis, Rand Afrikaans University, 1994)
In copyright. A doctoral study whose swiphato were recorded from named performers in the author's own fieldwork. In copyright. The performers are the authority on the recitations; the thesis is the author's rendering of them.
The rendering that was read: Shidjabadjaba John Malungana, Vuphato: Praise Poetry in Xitsonga (D.Litt. et Phil. thesis), 1994 — https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/esploro/outputs/doctoral/Vuphato---praise-poetry-in/9913242107691
A praise belongs to the families who recite it, not to whoever wrote it down. A Xitsonga-speaking family that still holds this one holds the better version of it, and can put that version on this page.
Written down by families and by the people who recorded them.
About This Record
What Was Written Down
Junod records that Manukosi's Ba-Ngoni conquered the Thonga clans of the coast after 1820, that the Ronga alone stayed outside their rule, that the succession war between Muzila and Mawewe after Manukosi's death in 1856 ended on the Sabie in August 1862, and that after Gungunyane's capture in 1895 Ngoni and Bila who refused Portuguese rule settled on the southern Sabie under his relative Mpisane. Malungana says the group that fled with Mpisana to Pilgrim's Rest between 1896 and 1900 was mostly of the Nxumalo clan, now found at Mhala with an offshoot at Magona; that they praise themselves as Vangoni, offshoots of Nghunghunyana; and that their mbongi Jackson Mapiyeye composed praises for chiefs Nghunghunyana, Mafemana, Eric and Kheto Nxumalo. Mathebula and Mokgoatsana report Harries's view that only these post-1897 immigrants are officially Shangaan in South Africa. Recorded from the sources named on this entry; the wording here is Sibaya's own.
Families Tell This Differently
Families who carry this name tell parts of it differently. Each way it has been told is below.
Where This Comes From
- Written down by
-
- Shidjabadjaba John Malungana, Vuphato: Praise Poetry in Xitsonga (D.Litt. et Phil. thesis), 1994 — https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/esploro/outputs/doctoral/Vuphato---praise-poetry-in/9913242107691
- Wikipedia contributors, Tsonga people, read 2026-09-05, Wikipedia — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsonga_people
Are You Nxumalo (Vangoni / Machangana)?
Put your name on the launch list.
Tell Me When It Opens Send This To Your Family
We write to you about Wozekhaya, and nothing else.
If Your Family Holds More Of This
A family saying its own swiphato swa swivongo knows them better than any directory does. If yours has more than what is on this page, it belongs here.
This is also how this clan's praise gets onto the page. Your family's own words are yours to give.